does our greater sensitivity to changes in green wavelengths of light relate to our use green screens?

I believe the Bayer filter was created with 50% green because we were more sensitive to green and then since most cameras used that filter, green screens were used because the cameras were more sensitive to that color.

What does the world look like to someone who has a relatively higher distribution of green cones?

There was a really interesting section in CS448B (visualization) on color and people's perception of color. One of the readings we did that particularly stood out to me was about how different cultures perceive color differently:

http://www.empiricalzeal.com/2012/06/05/the-crayola-fication-of-the-world-how-we-gave-colors-names-and-it-messed-with-our-brains-part-i/