Does this mean we have a special ASIC that is designed to run the Fast Fourier Transform? If so what are types of ASIC available right now?

Definitely! FFTs are often used for signal processing, so FFT circuits are available in Digital Signal Processors (DSP), see: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_signal_processor

(I considered DSPs to be ASICs the same way I consider GPUs to be ASICs but if you were looking for a fixed-function ASIC that just had FFT as a part of its circuit, I found an example here: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7015532/ )

In terms of cryptocurrency mining, it seems that most ASICS are on the scale of a few times more efficient than most GPUs but can expand the power draw in which they use enabling more efficient industrial applications. Why is it not the norm to have 1000+ watt gpus and CPUs?